Smoking Cessation Methods
- Unassisted methods: cold turkey, gradual reduction, home remedies, cigarette reduction, repeated attempts without assistance
- Behavioral counseling: individual counseling, group counseling, telephone counseling, online counseling, self-help materials
- Medications: nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, varenicline, cytisine, mecamylamine
- Alternative therapies: acupuncture, hypnosis, mindfulness meditation, yoga, herbal remedies
- Combination approaches: combining medication with behavioral counseling, combining multiple medications, combining medication with alternative therapies, combining different behavioral counseling techniques, combining different alternative therapies
Unassisted Quitting Methods
- Cold turkey: sudden and complete cessation of nicotine use, high success rate, used by two-thirds of recent quitters
- Gradual reduction: slowly decreasing daily nicotine intake, no significant difference in quit rates compared to abrupt cessation, can be aided by certain medications
- Home remedies: various natural or DIY methods, lack scientific evidence but may help some individuals, often used in combination with other quitting methods
- Cigarette reduction: gradually decreasing the number of cigarettes smoked daily, can be done with or without assistance, effectiveness varies among individuals
- Repeated attempts without assistance: trying to quit multiple times on one's own, common approach for most smokers, can be a stepping stone towards successful quitting
Medications for Smoking Cessation
- Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT): patches, gum, lozenges, inhalers, oral sprays, nasal sprays, improves success rate of quitting, some reported side effects
- Bupropion: antidepressant, increases long-term success rates, potential side effects
- Varenicline: decreases urge to smoke and reduces withdrawal symptoms, higher cessation rates compared to other medications
- Cytisine: partial nicotine receptor agonist, similar effectiveness to NRT, more affordable
- Mecamylamine: enhances the effectiveness of NRT, limited evidence as a standalone medication
Behavioral Counseling for Smoking Cessation
- Individual counseling: one-on-one sessions with a trained counselor, tailored approach to address personal smoking triggers and challenges
- Group counseling: therapy in a group setting, more helpful than self-help and other individual interventions
- Telephone counseling: reactive and proactive interventions, additional calls can help smokers quit for six months or longer
- Online counseling: online social cessation networks have shown effectiveness, particularly among young smokers
- Self-help materials: books, websites, apps, multiple formats increase quit rates
Additional Interventions for Smoking Cessation
- Community interventions: smoke-free policies, voluntary rules for smoke-free homes, public education, tobacco price increase, mass media campaigns
- Pharmacist interventions: pharmacist-led interventions, counselling, NRT products, structured care, accessibility
- Digital interventions: web-based and mobile phone-based programs, supportive text messages, long-term treatment effects
- Counseling and support: reactive and proactive telephone counseling, additional calls to quitlines, online social cessation networks, group therapy
- Counseling styles: motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, Freedom From Smoking group clinic, stage-based interventions
- Setting a quit date: creating a quit plan, setting a quit date (preferably on Monday), increasing motivation to quit, anticipating and planning for quitting
Smoking cessation Data Sources
| Reference | URL |
|---|---|
| Glossary | https://www.alternix.com/blogs/glossary-of-terms/smoking-cessation |
| Wikipedia | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoking_cessation |
| Wikidata | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2462253 |
| Knowledge Graph | https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/01qdq2 |
